Newly discovered estrogen receptor-dependent signaling pathways demonstrate that estrogen functions in the cytosol as well as in the nucleus. The classic estrogen receptor signaling pathway occurs ...

Our review of data from a variety of fields suggests that serotonin is one way that estrogen is exerting its effects on physiology and pathology in women. The primary function of E2 is ...

Fluctuations in estrogen levels over the lifespan and during ovarian cycles cause predictable changes in serotonin systems in female mammals. Discussion: We hypothesize that some of the ...

important changes in physiological function with aging; modulation of those changes by biological factors (e.g., adiposity, vitamin D/estrogen status) and lifestyle behaviors (e.g ... Within this ...

Hormones can cause a variety of abdomen (belly) problems. You have many different hormones inside your body, some of which impact digestion and metabolism. Hormone changes can make these and other ...

Consuming 200 milligrams or more of caffeine per day—roughly two cups of coffee—can affect women’s reproductive hormones, according to a study published in the February issue of the American Journal ...