A newly bought 2022 Toyota RAV4 sputters out with smoke and a warning light right after a fill-up. The dealership blames 28 ...

Abstract: The modular multilevel converter (MMC) uses many power electronic components in the high voltage direct current (HVDC) application. One of the major concerns in half-bridge MMC is the fault ...

Abstract: The integrated wheel-end module (IWEM) incorporates both driving and steering functions at the wheel end, enabling independent control of each wheel and significantly enhancing the vehicle’s ...