It describes the forces and behavior of the Universe’s fundamental particles: quarks, leptons, and bosons. It is a very comprehensive framework backed by extensive experimental evidence and is ...

Don Lincon, a senior scientist at the U.S. particle physics laboratory Fermilab, describes bosons as “puppies of the subatomic world” because you can have an unlimited number of bosons in the same ...

These four fundamental forces exist between fermions (quarks and leptons). They arise from the exchange of bosons. Bosons are the 'force carrying' or 'force-mediating' particles. If a fermion ...

The underlying theoretical construct in particle physics is called the Standard Model and it contains 6 quarks, 6 leptons, 4 gauge bosons, and one scalar boson (the Higgs boson), which interact ...

In the first study of its kind at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the CMS collaboration has tested whether top quarks adhere ...

For decades, the realm of particle physics has been governed by two major categories: fermions and bosons. Fermions, like quarks and leptons, make up matter, while ... Continue Reading → ...

The Standard-Model Higgs boson branching fraction into charm quarks is 3% but new physics beyond the Standard Model could significantly enhance or reduce this. The sensitivity of the most promising ...

Quarks, munons, bosons, and dark matter galore. By Andrew Paul By Andrew Paul By Andrew Paul By Andrew Paul By Andrew Paul By Andrew Paul By Riccardo Maria Bianchi / The Conversation By Andrew ...