Proton’s mass radius is apparently shorter than its charge radius The quarks that give it charge aren't hanging out with the gluons that provide mass.

Nuclear physicists may have finally pinpointed where in the proton a large fraction of its mass resides. A recent experiment carried out at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Thomas Jefferson ...

“There are six kinds of quarks in nature, three are lighter than the proton [up, down, and strange quarks] and three are heavier [charm, up, and down quarks],” Stefano Forte, NNPDF ...

But for gentler collisions like SLAC’s, where the proton acts like three quarks that mutually keep their distance, these quarks pull on each other strongly enough that QCD calculations become ...

The textbook description of a proton says it contains three smaller particles - two up quarks and a down quark - but a new analysis has found strong evidence that it also holds a charm quark ...

Moreover, the proton is more than its quarks; it also contains gluons, which slosh around with their own pressures and forces. The two-photon trick cannot detect gluons’ effects.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, which studies top and antitop quarks produced in proton collisions at 13 TeV, has made the highest-energy observation of entanglement to date.

Let’s slow down for a moment. A proton is a particle that, along with neutrons and electrons, makes up an atom. Protons themselves are made of even tinier particles called quarks.

Pairs of top and anti-top quarks created in the aftermath of a proton collision live infinitesimally short lives — lasting 10 −25 seconds. Then they decay into longer-lived particles.