Quarks come in six types, whimsically called flavours: up, down, strange, charm, beauty (also known as bottom) and top. Each quark also has an antimatter partner, known as an antiquark.

Two of them are 'mesons', each containing a strange anti-quark and a charm quark (the fourth quark type) 2,3. The reason for their metastability is understood, but their detailed nature and ...

Experiments revealed charm quarks have two-thirds the charge of a proton, and a mass estimated at around 1,275 MeV, compared to 2.3 and 4.8 MeV for the more common up and down quarks. The mass is ...

For instance, while all quarks have the same spin of 1/2, three of them (up, charm and top) have charge 2/3, and the other three (down, strange and bottom) have charge minus 1/3.

At the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) in Illinois, an international team of scientists published the first observation of a charm quark (quarks come in several "flavors ...

In order to create a particle with a heavy quark (strange, charm, bottom, etc.) in it, you have to collide other particles together at extremely high energies: enough to make equal amounts of ...

There are six kinds, or "flavors," of quarks: up, down, top, bottom, strange and charm. A neutron is composed of two down quarks and one up quark. If you squish too many atoms together, they ...

There are six kinds of quarks: up, down, strange, charm, bottom and top. Up and down quarks are the lightest. Each proton contains two up quarks and one down quark, whereas each neutron has two down ...

IN THE world of particle physics, there is no such thing as nothing. Particles of matter, and their anti-matter counterparts, are forever flitting in and out of existence. Theorists have predicted ...

The Large Hadron Collider: evidence for intrinsic charm quarks in protons has been found in LHC data. (Courtesy: Maximilien Brice/CERN) A 40-year-old debate about charm quarks in protons may have been ...

There are six kinds of quarks: up, down, strange, charm, bottom and top. Up and down quarks are the lightest. Each proton contains two up quarks and one down quark, ...

1 The big bang and the micro bang A visualization of a high-energy collision between two lead nuclei in a 'micro bang' leading to the formation of a quark–gluon plasma. This new state of matter ...