Methods: The present study evaluated the role of the posterior cerebellum (lobules VIII and IX), together with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and nucleus accumbens ...

Fruits are essential for overall health, but did you know they can also boost your brain function and reflexes? This article delves into how specific fruits can improve your reaction times and ...

or conditioned (such as clocks) that lead to unconditioned responses — which are baked into our natural reflexes — and conditioned responses — which are also reflexive but learned over time ...

When adaptation is lost, new training is required to regain this adaptation. Microorganisms exhibit some features of elastic behavior, but they do not have the conditional reflexes of higher animals.

Such predictable and constrained movements, exemplified by eye movements and simple reflexes, provide some of the best studied models of cerebellar learning: the vestibulo-ocular reflex (Robinson, ...

Cerebellar climbing fiber activity encodes performance errors during many motor learning tasks, but the role of these error signals in learning has been controversial ...