Within the ribosome, the mRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA complexes are held together closely, which facilitates base-pairing. The rRNA catalyzes the attachment of each new amino acid to the growing chain.

RNA—in the form of messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA)—transforms the genome coded by DNA into proteins that form the backbone of all cellular functions.

Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA. The tRNA binds to its corresponding amino acid and transports it to the ribosome, where it is incorporated ...