CK, creatine kinase; DAT, direct antiglobulin test; EMA, antiendomysial antibody; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; tTG, tissue ...

Commentary This study from the Childhood Absence Epilepsy Study Group in the USA is the first blinded trial comparing the three most commonly used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in Childhood Absence ...

Design : Randomised controlled trial. Allocation : Randomisation was done by university staff. Allocation was concealed using sealed envelopes that were sequentially numbered. Blinding : All patients, ...

Table 6 Clinical signs and symptoms typical of upper airway obstruction at different anatomical levels ...

A common problem Although the probability of diagnosing a life-limiting infection is low, 2 the stakes in any acute paediatric assessment are high. High expectations follow the responsibility of ...

Epilepsy is the most common significant long-term neurological condition of childhood. The prevalence in children in the UK is approximately 4 per 1000 children. It affects 1 in 220 children and young ...

What is a patient-reported outcome measure? These are tools measuring outcomes that matter to patients, more specifically reflecting patients’ or caregivers’ perspective on the impact of the condition ...

Introduction Down’s syndrome (DS) occurs in 1 in every 1000 live births 1 and is the most frequent chromosomal abnormality seen in liveborn infants. It is caused by having an extra full or partial ...

Renal ultrasound is one of the most frequently requested imaging studies in children. Indications include urinary tract infection (UTI), renal dysfunction and to exclude structural abnormalities—for ...

Array-comparative genomic hybridisation (array-CGH) is a relatively new test that permits close scrutiny of chromosomal structure to detect genomic microdeletions and microduplications that are ...

Acute confusional state (ACS) refers to sudden impairment of cognitive function and represents a major medical emergency. The impairment may be global or confined specifically to a particular faculty ...

Paediatric and adult resuscitation is often performed with family present. Current guidelines recommend deferred umbilical cord clamping as part of immediate neonatal care, requiring neonatal ...