The Pelton, Francis and Kaplan turbines are water turbines that are rotary machines which convert kinetic energy and the potential energy of the water into mechanical energy that rotates the shaft to ...

Drones in construction are advanced unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with cameras and sensors that revolutionize how construction sites are surveyed and monitored. These devices enable real-time data ...

Hydrology is the study of occurrence and movement of water above or below the surface of the earth. The study embraces the entire domain of water present in earth, its history along with its ...

🕑 Reading time: 1 minute Today many people that are building or remodeling their houses choose to use eco-friendly building materials. An eco-friendly building material is one that increases the ...

Seismic zones in Indian subcontinent is divided into four seismic zones (II, III, IV, and V) based on scientific inputs relating to seismicity, earthquakes occurred in the past and tectonic setup of ...

There various parts of a retaining wall and design principles of these retaining wall components based on different factors and material and methods of construction are discussed. Any wall that ...

🕑 Reading time: 1 minute Lateral Load Distribution of Frame Building. In a two-dimensional moment-resisting frame, each joint typically has a maximum of three degrees of freedom: displacement in ...

🕑 Reading time: 1 minute Spalling is break away of concrete surface which often extends to the top layers of reinforcing steel. Spalls may be 150 mm or more in diameter and 25mm or more in depth, and ...

The basic components of a building structure are the foundation, floors, walls, beams, columns, roof, stair, etc. These elements serve the purpose of supporting, enclosing and protecting the building ...

Construction tools list for building construction works such as concrete, brick masonry, leveling, wood works, floor works, slab works, brick laying, plastering etc. is provided. Every construction ...

ACI 216.1M-07 does not prevent the application of novel and emerging techniques to anticipate the life safety and property protection implications buildings and structures. Fire testing of wall ...

🕑 Reading time: 1 minute In an era when sustainability has become an important benchmark for forward-thinking buildings, it's inspiring to see how far architecture and design have come in the pursuit ...