Background The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into critical care offers significant potential to enhance early diagnosis, predict patient deterioration, personalise treatment and inform ...

Introduction People with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) experience a high symptom burden, reduced quality of life and a shortened lifespan. Treatment options are limited and little is known about what ...

Clinical assessment. Establish who needs specialist referral or can be initially managed in general practice with a targeted trial of therapy. ‘Red flags’ should prompt urgent referral in line with ...

Background Conventional measures to evaluate COPD may fail to capture systemic problems, particularly musculoskeletal weakness and cardiovascular disease. Identifying these manifestations and ...

Background Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The extent to which the excess CVD risk is captured by risk factors in ...

Introduction Fibroblastic foci represent the cardinal pathogenic lesion in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and comprise activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, the key effector cells responsible ...

Rationale Advance care planning (ACP) is uncommon in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives To assess whether a nurse-led ACP-intervention can improve quality of ...

Introduction Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is shown to be feasible in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), highlighting its prospective use as an outcome measure for prognostic ...

Introduction. Asthma is the most common chronic non-communicable disease among children,1 and in England, almost one in six children aged 5–14 years will have experienced asthma at some point,2 with ...

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. It causes chronic lung disease and predisposes individuals to acute lung injury and pulmonary infection. Alveolar macrophages are ...

Rationale Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an effective, key standard treatment for people with COPD. Nevertheless, low participant uptake, insufficient attendance and high drop-out rates are reported ...

Background Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D to prevent COPD exacerbations have yielded conflicting results. Individual participant data meta-analysis could identify factors that ...